The purpose of this article is evaluation in of Malayer City based on improvements indicators, (economic, social, somatic, and environmental) The used method in this thesis is a combination of analyzing and case -field method. It’s a functional-developing research and its study range is of Malayer City with 2280 hectare area and 159848 population, which was performed in 1392, Findings of this research, showed, although Malayer has moved toward more improvement recently but it didn’t have brilliant success in achieving dimensions of suitable improvement and during this period instability rate of some areas of Malayer has been increased moreover, just 7 neighborhoods of 23 neighborhoods are in the sustainability situation and are in 0.71-1 range and other neighborhoods are in half sustainability situation with 0.41-0.70 range and other neighborhoods are in unsustainable situation with the rang of 0-0.40. also, there is a huge difference among different parts of city according to having human DEVELOPMENT index (HDI) that based on economic indexes (MAX-MIN=153.5) is so critical and is less in environmental index (MAX-MIN=87.88) so This situation indicates the importance of stability in urban DEVELOPMENT specially a deep gap between the most sustainable area and the least one shows the unsuitable distribution of uses, lack of social justice, lowness of life quality and welfare in most of the areas of the city. study of urban DEVELOPMENT indicators in Malayer showed that Malayer can be placed as half- suitable city.

Informal settlement is formed upon effect of economic-political unequal relationship in world level, national programs weakness in medium level and municipal planning in small level. This phenomena have provided emergence, creation and DEVELOPMENT of contrast and opposition in cities soul and frame and have questioned justly allocation of resources and services for social justice with creation of biological awkward conditions and imposing of uncoordinated areas with DEVELOPMENT descending indices, simultaneously. It has challenged civil life for reaching desired and permanent DEVELOPMENT. With due attention to civil designing and planning is subordinate to comprehensive recognition and knowledge of containing chief applied and scientific from civil system. Studying city subsystems and above-system with relativities approach in time and place dimension, for that reason, informal settlement types and area recognition is necessary according to instruments type's chief economical social cultural infrastructural indices and fruition. In this research, this important have been done by hierarchical and MORRIS techniques. Therefore the rate of DEVELOPMENT zones and city were determined with an emphasis on economic indicators, physical, infrastructural, social. Research findings show that full and obvious rupture exists between different districts and areas of Bonab city in chief economic and social indices and fruition and it has witness resource and service unjustly distribution in districts level. Zoning of informal settlements was done according to the rate of zone's underDEVELOPMENT in the Bonab, By Rely on the results of MORRIS and hierarchical model DEVELOPMENT. Finally, based on zoning and knowledge gained from research studies, proposals and prioritize community based urban planning was presented in informal and problematic neighborhoods.

Background and Objectives: In recent decades following the massive increase in computational power, considerable progress has been made in hydrological MODELS. As the complexity of the model increases, model parameters increases and this lead to increasing the chances of overfitting and difficulty in identifying both model parameter values and model structure. One possible way to mitigate over-parameterization/non-identifiability is reducing the number of parameters to a small number that can be sufficiently calibrated with limited data.Sensitivity analysis (SA) is a commonly used approach for identifying important parameters that dominate model behaviors. Overall, they can be categorized into two groups: local SA and global SA. The local SA explores the changes of model response by varying one parameter while keeping other parameters constant. On the other hand, the global SA examines the changes of model response by varying all parameters at the same time. No general rule has yet been defined for verifying the convergence of the General SA methods. In order to fill this gap this paper presents a convergence analysis of three widely used SA methods (MORRIS screening, Sobol and Entropy index) for two rainfall-runoff MODELS, TOPMODEL and HBV. The simulations are carried out over ChehlChay watershed within Gorganrood River Basin.Materials and Methods: The sensitivity and interaction analysis based onSobol, MORRIS screen and Entropy methods were applied. The MORRIS method has been proposed as a screening method to identify a subset of inputs that have the greatest influence on the outputs.Sobol SA is a global, variance-based method that attributes variance in the model output to individual parameters and their interactions.Mutual entropy analysis is a sensitivity analysis method in which the mutual entropy of two variables is regarded as the correlative extent between these two variables. The distribution character of data (X, Y) can be expressed by contingency tables.The HBV model and TOPMODEL are used as a test problem. There are thirteen and nine parameters in the HBV model and TOPMODEL MODELS, respectively. In each model, samples of the model parameter space are obtained using a latin-hypercube. The convergence analysis has been performed by increasing the number of simulations until there was no significant change of the sensitivity measure. In addition, the three SA methods are evaluated and compared in terms of convergence, the related evolution of the parameter ranking results and required computation cost.Results: Results of the quantitative convergence analysis for MORRIS screen was achieved at 700 and 1000 number of simulations for HBV and TOPMODEL MODELS, respectively. Results for the Sobol method deviated considerably from the other methods by 22000 and 28000 for the TOPMODEL and HBV MODELS, respectively. In Entropy method need about 6000 samples for the same purpose in both hydrological MODELS. The ranking of parameters sensitivity indices in TOPMODEL for the first two most sensitive parameters for the three methods are similar. In general, the ranks of sensitive parameters are the same for all methods. Meanwhile for Entropymethod, M and Srmax as the third and fourth ranking are vice versa than other two methods.In HBV model, Sobol and MORRIS screen methods provide similar results for those model parameters having the highest influence. For the parameter P, the sensitivity obtained from Entropy method was 3rd rank but in two other methods the parameter ranking varies from 3rd to sixth. In Entropy parameter FC becomes the most important parameter but in MORRIS screen and Sobol methods, the model parameter BETA selected as the parameter with the highest importance.Conclusion: There is no single best strategy for all problems. Therefore in general use of two or more methods, preferably with dissimilar theoretical foundations, may be needed to increase confidence in the ranking of the key inputs.This study conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of three SA methods by using the HBV and TOPMODEL MODELS as test problem. The strengths and limitations of qualitative and quantitative SA methods are explored.For the Sobol method, a comparatively large number of simulations (>20 000) were required to sufficiently cover the parameter space. Hence, performing Sobol method for complex MODELS is often becoming problematic. The MORRIS method, instead, is computationally cheap and needed only<1000 simulations to obtain stable results.

Introduction: The expansion of urbanization and the specific issues and problems of urban life has made it increasingly necessary to pay full attention to beneficial strategies to optimize the lives of city dwellers. In this regard, the concept of sustainable urban DEVELOPMENT as a broad conceptual framework moves towards achieving economic growth and social justice. The study and knowledge of urban areas and analysis of their capabilities and bottlenecks in the urban planning process is very important. Methodology: The main purpose of this study is to assess the DEVELOPMENT of eleven areas of Shiraz in terms of sustainable urban DEVELOPMENT criteria "urban and cultural services" in 24 indicators. This research is applied theory in terms of purpose and descriptive-quantitative and analytical in terms of nature and method. The information and data required in this research have been collected using library resources and statistics in 1397. For analysis, first the data is standardized and finally it is ranked using the MORRIS and scalogram methods of the eleven districts of Shiraz. Results and Discussion: The results of the study based on the MORRIS method showed that in terms of urban and cultural services index of regions one and eight with scores of 47. 47 and 42. 13 in the first and second ranks and regions five, four and eleven with scores of 22. 55 and 15. 93. And 12. 52 are in the last place. Also, according to the scalogram method, regions one and eight are in the first place with 55 and 49 points. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the existence of a gap between the eleven regions of Shiraz in terms of benefiting from the studied indicators, and among these, region one is ranked first in terms of DEVELOPMENT due to the political and economic centrality due to the existence of urban facilities.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

Automatic topic detection seems unavoidable in social media analysis due to big text data which their users generate. Clustering-based methods are one of the most important and up-to-date categories in topic detection. The goal of this research is to have a wide study on this category. Therefore, this paper aims to study the main components of clustering-based-topic-detection, which are embedding methods, distance metrics, and clustering algorithms. Transfer learning and consequently pretrained language MODELS and word embeddings have been considered in recent years. Regarding the importance of embedding methods, the efficiency of five new embedding methods, from earlier to recent ones, are compared in this paper. To conduct our study, two commonly used distance metrics, in addition to five important clustering algorithms in the field of topic detection, are implemented by the authors. As COVID-19 has turned into a hot trending topic on social networks in recent years, a dataset including one-month tweets collected with COVID-19-related hashtags is used for this study. More than 7500 experiments are performed to determine tunable parameters. Then all combinations of embedding methods, distance metrics and clustering algorithms (50 combinations) are evaluated using Silhouette metric. Results show that T5 strongly outperforms other embedding methods, cosine distance is weakly better than other distance metrics, and DBSCAN is superior to other clustering algorithms.

Evaluating the cutting rate (CR) of stones is important in the cost estimation and the planning of the stone processing plants. This research used regression MODELS to estimate the stones’ CR based on their physico-mechanical characteristics. Stone processing factories in Mahallat City (Markazi province, Iran) were visited, and the CR of diamond circular saws was recorded on six different travertine stones. Next, the stone block samples were collected from the quarries for laboratory tests. Stones’ porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Schmidt hammer hardness (SH) were determined in the laboratory as their physico-mechanical characteristics. Correlation relationships of CR with physico-mechanical characteristics were evaluated using simple and multiple regression analyses, and estimator MODELS were developed. Results showed that multiple regression MODELS are more reliable than simple regression for estimating the stones’ CR. The validity of the developed multiple regression MODELS was verified with the published data of one researcher. The findings indicated that these MODELS are accurate enough for estimating the CR of stones. Consequently, the multiple regression MODELS provide practical advantages for estimating the CR and save time and cost during the planning and design of the stone processing factories.

During recent decades, DEVELOPMENT as one of the most important global challenges has been attracted the attention of politicians and socioeconomic planners. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable DEVELOPMENT in the country, including urban and rural settlement areas, studying the past events is necessary to analyze the situation and draw the appropriate spatial. In other words, knowing the capabilities of the environment and the available services in each region are necessary to determine the DEVELOPMENT level of of these areas, especially rural regions, as the first step in the planning process and DEVELOPMENT of the region's population. This study is aimed to investigate and identify the most important factors in the DEVELOPMENT of rural regions and explore the differences, similarities, and classify them in terms of DEVELOPMENT. Statistical community of this analytical-descriptive research is rural settlements of Fars province. The documentary data is collected by using the factor analysis of the 29 county of Fars province in three dimensions: economic, social and ecological status. The DEVELOPMENT level of of rural regions, by using MORRIS, is classified into four groups such as unbalanced, developed, less developed and deprived groups. The results show that there is strong differences among rural areas in the Fars province that means Marvdasht (50.22 percent), Darab (49.04percent), Estahban (46.35 percent) and Kazeroon (45.59 percent) are as the developed regins that placed at the highest level and Kawar, Mohr, Sarvestan, Khonj and Gerash (18.46 percent) are as deprived regions that located at the lowest level.

In this paper, optimal bridge management system MODELS have been presented. These optimization MODELS are capable of allocating limited resources to the bridge preservation schemes in order to establish the optimal time of completing the activities. Bridge-based activities are divided into two main groups: repair projects, and maintenance activities and both MODELS are presented in this paper. Particular attention has been made to optimize the management of the two system activities. The dynamic programming approach was utilized to formulate and analyze the two MODELS. The developed MODELS are found to be more accurate and faster than the previous ones.